Although the texts The Prince (1513) by Niccolo Ma Essays

Although the texts The Prince (1513) by Niccolo Machiavelli and William Shakespeare's Julius Caesar (1599) are close to 100 years apart, they share commonality in the timeless lust for power that leaders have felt throughout the ages. Shakespeare reflects his context of a possibility of civil war through a historical play set in Rome, and Machiavelli provides the context of important power figures from history that can be used as parables to provide lessons on the nature of humans when dealing with power. Machiavelli and Shakespeare present various systems of governance where both favour monarchy as the most stable system despite Machiavelli being a staunch Republican. Power is ultimately seen as being gained through deception and violence and is kept through the different qualities of the leader, whether it be through the way they talk, or how they act and think. Both texts illustrate messages which not only apply to their times, but also to the modern lifestyle of power play, provi ng the texts to be of lasting relevance. One of the most distinctive qualities of Machiavelli's essay The Prince is its lack of interest in personal morality. Machiavelli's primary interest is in the end justifying the means and how the ambition for power can be achieved and maintained, thus leaving little room for questions of morality. The distinctive quality of Shakespeare's Julius Caesar is the play's focus on the complex moral question of what would drive a good man to commit an evil act, believing he was doing it not for his own ambition but to curb the ambition of another. The reading of these two texts in relation to each other thus emphasises their distinctions rather than their similarities. Machiavelli, enmeshed in the world of political intrigue of Florence, believed that ambition drove men to action, but Shakespeare explores a more complex idea. He creates a character, not driven by personal ambition but by idealism; someone who is not driven by emotion but by reason and who will act because he fears another's ambition. In the process, Shakespeare recreates one of the traditions of Elizabethan theatre, the soliloquy. These direct speeches to the audience had been a way to share the character's motivation and prefigure their next move. Cassius' soliloquy after he tries to persuade Brutus to join the conspiracy is a typical example. Now Shakespeare changes the purpose of such direct speech, so it can reveal the inner workings of a character's mind: It must be by his death; and for my part I know no personal cause to spurn at him, But for the general. He would be crowned. How that might change his nature, there's the question. At the start of this new scene Shakespeare trusts his audience to know whom Brutus speaks about. In four lines he moves from certainty, must', to the uncertainty of that question'. The broken rhythm using enjambment and mid-line caesura creates the effect of a man wrestling with his conscience and while he remains uncertain, So Caesar may', he later comes to a decision, Then, lest he may, prevent'. Machiavelli wrote that A good ruler should stick with the good if he can, but know how to be bad when occasion demands.' In Shakespeare's portrayal of Brutus we see this dramatized, but unlike Machiavelli who is interested in the outcome, Shakespeare appears more interested in the effect of such decisions on the individual. As a civil servant who had lost his position in the Florentine republic, Machiavelli's purpose was to flatter and impress the new absolute ruler and potential mentor, Lorenzo di Medici. Working in the humanist tradition of the Italian Renaissance, he uses the persuasive form of the essay, drawing examples from classical times and recent Italian political history. However, he breaks with that tradition by disregarding morality. Previous writers had considered what actions would be right; Machiavelli changes the equation by simply asking, what actions are effective? This caused many of his contemporaries to see him as an immoral monster and led to our modern understanding of the term Machiavellian'. It is not that he is unaware of the moral perspective - he just chooses to ignore it. He holds up Cesare Borgia as a touchstone for princely

Tips on How to Celebrate the National Aviation Day

Tips on How to Celebrate the National Aviation Day National Aviation Day Celebration It is hard to deny an influence of aviation on our lives. This global industry touches everybody, starting from a little boy dreaming to become a pilot of an aircraft and ending with millions of people traveling by planes all over the World each single day. Therefore, even if we do not realize it, the air power is unimaginably important for habitants of the Earth in the 21th century. In the early going, Orville Wright paid a visit to the Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory. Nowadays, that small center in Cleveland is famous as NASA's Glenn Research Center. Mention Celebration in Your Posts This day, the network users are welcome to put hashtags while posting photos to Facebook, Twitter, Instagram or Google+. Do not lose the chance to come into the spotlight on the official NASA website. Your photo could be selected. Tag the publications #NationalAviationDayNASA or #SpreadYourWings. Being curious, you would like to know the origin of this phrase. So, here is the truth: on August 19th , Greg Slover, a forward-minded pilot, "completes a mision at NASA's Langley Research Center, so to say, spreads his wings. The Origin of the Occasion President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first to announce the date of 19th August to be the National Aviation Day. Why this particular date? It was designed so on behalf of Orville Wrights birthday. In times gone by, the commercial activity was predominant, but at present NASA is developing a great range of gizmos. For example, have you ever heard of their special technology to reduce the emission and save the fuel? Get to know more and you will definitely be impressed. Actually, NASA does much every year to transform aviation, develop and improve the conditions. Look up NASA Aeronautics homepage or follow on Twitter @NASAaero check on the measures that are taken. The First Celebration Measures One of the aims was to promote the aviation among the citizens of the USA. All the federal buildings were directed to fly the national flag. This way, they gave praise to airspace workers. Be in Attendance of Local Science Museum Treat yourself to amazing exhibitions about aviation, get to know how the airplane functions and other interesting things. If you are interested in science, visit local research centers and learn more about space, physics, etc. What is more, in Norfolk, VA or San Francisco, CA, you are offered to pay a visit to special centers presenting NASA's Langley Research Center and Glenn Research Center, major NASA centers. Things to Do at Home One more great idea is to watch a classic aviation-themed movie. We advise you to choose Netflix or Red Box. Get some snacks as nachos, chips or whatever and take a rest with your family or friends. Also, you could try to build a plane. This homebuilt airplane kit is available and does not cost much. Outdoor Activities Introductory flight lesson is something you should not be afraid of. Take you courage and just do it. Recharge your batteries experiencing freedom of flying. Additional reward will be the marvelous views, fresh air and unforgettable memories. Tell about your experience in networks, share the feeling and tag it with #NationalAviationDay. Professionals all over the Planet are making everything possible and impossible to make our wishes come into reality. Twenty years ago, interplanetary flights seemed to be a real magic even in science-fiction film. Nowadays, we are lucky to live in the era of wonders while more and more of them are predicted by future scientific discoveries. Why not to celebrate the breakthrough in science and herculean task of aerospace workers but for whom our reality would not be as splendid and superb. You have just read the list of our favorite suggestion. Follow them and enjoy the National Aviation Day!

Should human cloning be banned Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Should human cloning be banned - Research Paper Example The future of cloning depends totally on the new researches which are being done. Cloning so far has not been successful as it was expected. A sheep dolly was cloned in the year 1996 and it was considered as one of the most successful cloning experiment on an animal. Cloning has never showed any positive results on human beings. Cloning has been approved by many scientists and groups who argue that it holds the potential for many benefits for human beings and can serve to provide results and treatments that other methods have failed to provide. On the other hand, cloning has been rejected on the basis of ethical considerations. It has faced social as well as religious criticism owing to many reasons which include the fact that cloning has not yielded any major benefits as yet and also it serves to challenge the normal working and equilibrium of the world. Cloning has received much publicity after its breakthrough of cloning an animal sheep Dolly in the year 1996 which provided hope in the technique to uphold the fact that it could yield major benefits to mankind that he himself was not aware of. Many scientists supported this technique and believed that it could actually work in areas of the medical and scientific field where other research had failed. Cloning is believed to be a method which can serve to treat many pathological conditions and enhance the quality of life of human beings. It is presented by scientists that cloning holds the potential of providing clones of organs of the body as well as blood which can assist in organ transplantation as well as blood transfusions. These procedures can serve as life saving measures for patients whose organs completely stop functioning or function in an improper way. It is also analyzed that cloning can be beneficial for infertile couples and assist them in having their own genetic child ren. It is also widely believed that certain diseases which include cancer can be